There are multiple definitions - click on the translation that matches your context.

polemizować

czasownik

full

controvert

verb

Definitions of controvert

English

to argue using reason in a dispute or prove to be false or incorrect

When the plaintiff had declared his grievance and the defendant had denied or otherwise controverted the statement, the question of proof arose.

English

to formally deny responsibility (eg for an insurance company to refuse to pay on a policy)

This form is required if you desire to controvert (deny) payment of benefits.