Comparative law notes
In Chinese law, any unauthorized use of copyrightable works without the permission of the copyright owner and without meeting the conditions prescribed by law (such as statutory licence, fair use) constitutes infringement - there is no distinction between English law concepts of "primary" and "secondary" infringement ("primary" infringement does not require knowledge or intention on the part of the infringer, and "secondary" infringement must involve some knowledge by the infringer).